In the fight against HIV, two essential tools—Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PREP) and Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP)—have proven highly effective in reducing the risk of infection. Though both medications are used for HIV prevention, they serve different purposes and are taken under different circumstances. Here’s what you need to know about how each one works.
What is PREP?
PREP (Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis) is a preventive medication for individuals who are at high risk of contracting HIV. It’s designed to be taken daily and is highly effective at preventing HIV when used consistently.
- Who should take PREP? PREP is recommended for those who are HIV-negative and are at ongoing risk of HIV infection, such as people with an HIV-positive partner, individuals who have multiple sexual partners, or people who inject drugs.
- How does PREP work? By taking PREP daily, the medication builds up in your bloodstream, creating a barrier that prevents the virus from establishing itself in your body if you’re exposed to HIV.
- Effectiveness: When taken consistently, PREP can reduce the risk of HIV infection by up to 99% through sexual contact and about 74% among people who inject drugs.
- Key Consideration: For PREP to be effective, it needs to be taken before potential exposure to HIV. Missing doses can reduce its ability to protect you from the virus.
What is PEP?
PEP (Post-Exposure Prophylaxis) is a short-term treatment to prevent HIV infection after a potential exposure. PEP is taken within 72 hours of exposure to the virus and involves a 28-day course of medication.
- Who should take PEP? PEP is used in emergency situations, such as after unprotected sex, sexual assault, or accidental exposure through needles. It’s for individuals who are HIV-negative but may have been exposed to the virus.
- How does PEP work? PEP works by stopping the virus from taking hold and spreading in your body after you’ve been exposed. It is most effective when started as soon as possible—ideally within 24 hours—but must be taken no later than 72 hours after exposure.
- Effectiveness: PEP is highly effective when taken promptly and properly, but it’s not guaranteed. The earlier you start PEP, the better your chances of preventing infection.
- Key Consideration: PEP is not meant for regular use. It’s an emergency intervention, unlike PREP, which is for ongoing protection.
How PREP and PEP Work Together in HIV Prevention
Both PREP and PEP are vital tools in reducing the risk of HIV, but they function in different scenarios. PREP is for ongoing prevention, taken before potential exposure, while PEP is a response to emergency exposure after it occurs.
- If you’re regularly at risk of exposure: PREP offers long-term protection when taken daily. It allows you to be proactive in preventing HIV.
- If you’ve been exposed: PEP is your emergency backup. It’s the go-to solution when something unexpected happens, and you’re at risk of infection.
Taking the Next Step: Which is Right for You?
Choosing between PREP and PEP depends on your situation. If you’re in a high-risk category, especially with an HIV-positive partner or multiple partners, PREP could be an excellent preventive measure. On the other hand, if you experience an unanticipated risk, such as condom failure or an incident of sexual violence, PEP is the immediate option.
Conclusion
Both PREP and PEP have transformed the landscape of HIV prevention, offering powerful means to protect yourself and your loved ones from the virus. By understanding the difference between these medications and when to use them, you can take control of your health and make informed decisions.
For more information about HIV prevention, or to book an appointment for your FREE circumcision (Read: Circumcision Can Reduce HIV Risk by Up to 60%: Here’s How), feel free to reach out to Bopelo Health Center. You can email us at info@bopelohealth.com, call or WhatsApp us at 083 542 7524, or visit our Sandton clinic at 112 Virginia Avenue, Parkmore, Sandton, 2196.